Digital Privacy in the Age of Surveillance: A Comparative Study of GDPR and CCPA

Abstract

The rise of cryptocurrencies has introduced both opportunities and challenges for emerging markets, where financial infrastructure is often underdeveloped and economic volatility is prevalent. While digital assets offer alternatives to traditional banking, their extreme price volatility can pose systemic risks. This article explores the effects of cryptocurrency volatility on emerging markets, providing a sectoral analysis across finance, trade, technology, and consumer behavior. It highlights the dual nature of cryptocurrencies as tools of financial inclusion and sources of macroeconomic instability. The study concludes with policy recommendations for mitigating volatility risks while harnessing the benefits of digital currency adoption.