The Effects of social media on Adolescent Self-Esteem: A Meta-Analytical Approach

Abstract

The rapid rise of social media platforms has transformed the social lives of adolescents, bringing new modes of interaction, self-expression, and identity formation. While social media can foster connection and creativity, concerns have emerged about its potential negative impact on adolescent self-esteem. This article presents a meta-analytical review of recent empirical studies exploring the relationship between social media use and self-esteem among adolescents. The findings reveal a complex, bidirectional relationship influenced by usage patterns, gender, platform type, and psychological context. While excessive, passive, and comparison-based use is associated with lower self-esteem, active and supportive engagement may enhance self-worth. The article concludes with implications for parents, educators, mental health professionals, and policy makers.